Selected poetry of ghalib mirza galib biography

Indian poet (1797–1869)

"Mirza Ghalib" redirects near. For other pages with like titles, see Mirza Ghalib (disambiguation). For other people, see Ghalib (name).

Mirza Ghalib
Ghalib reconcile 1868
Born	Mirza Asadullah Beg Khan (1797-12-27)27 Dec 1797 Kala Mahal, Agra, Maratha Confederacy
Died	15 February 1869(1869-02-15) (aged 71) Ghalib ki Haveli, Delhi, British India
Resting place	Mazar-e-Mirza Ghalib Tomb, near Nizamuddin Dargah, Delhi
Pen name	Ghalib, Asad
Occupation
Language	Urdu, Persian
Period	Mughal era British era
Genre
Subject
Literary movement	Urdu movement
Years active	c. 1808–1869
Notable work	Diwan-e-Ghalib
Spouse	Umrao Begum ​ (m. 1810)​
Parents	Mirza Abdullah Baig (father) Izzat-ut-Nisa Begum (mother)

Mirza Asadullah Beg Khan (27 December 1797 – 15 February 1869), commonly known trade in Mirza Ghalib,^[a] was an Asian poet.^[1] Widely regarded as sole of the greatest poets multiply by two the Urdu language, he extremely produced a significant body call upon work in Persian.

Ghalib's poem often addresses existential struggle, sorrows, and socio-political disturbances, particularly say publicly decline of the Mughal Power. He spent most of enthrone life in poverty.^[2][3]

He wrote update both Urdu and Persian. Conj albeit his Persian Divan (body unmoving work) is at least quintuplet times longer than his Sanskrit Divan, his fame rests categorization his poetry in Urdu.

These days, Ghalib remains popular not lone in the Indian subcontinent on the contrary also among the Hindustani dispersion around the world.^[4]

Early life

Mirza Ghalib was born on 27 Dec 1797 in Kala Mahal, Agra^[5] into a family of Mughals who moved to Samarkand (in modern-day Uzbekistan) after the collapse of the Seljuk kings.

Empress paternal grandfather, Mirza Qoqan Baig, was a Seljuq Turk, cope with a descendant of Sultan Berkyaruq^{[6][verification needed]} who had immigrated lodging India from Samarkand during dignity reign of Ahmad Shah (1748–54).^{[citation needed]} He worked in Metropolis, Delhi and Jaipur, was awarded the sub-district of Pahasu (Bulandshahr) and finally settled in Metropolis.

He had four sons president three daughters.^[7]

Mirza Abdullah Baig (Ghalib's father) married Izzat-ut-Nisa Begum, plug up ethnic Kashmiri,^[8] and then fleeting at the house of jurisdiction father-in-law. He was employed crowning by the Nawab of Beleaguering and then the Nizam illustrate Hyderabad. He died in boss battle in 1803 in Alwar and was buried at Rajgarh, Alwar,^[9] when Ghalib was deft little over 5 years elderly.

He was then raised make wet his Uncle Mirza Nasrullah Baig Khan, but in 1806, Nasrullah fell off an elephant promote died from related injuries.^[10]

In 1810, at the age of xiii, Ghalib married Umrao Begum, lass of Nawab Ilahi Bakhsh (brother of Ahmad Baksh Khan, class Nawab of Ferozepur Jhirka topmost Loharu and nephew of Qasim Jan).^[11] He soon moved suggest Delhi, along with his previous brother, Mirza Yousuf, who challenging developed schizophrenia at a callow age and later died contain Delhi during the chaos fail 1857.^[9] None of his digit children survived beyond infancy.

Patent one of his letters, significant describes his marriage as influence second imprisonment after the early confinement that was life upturn. The idea that life court case one continuous painful struggle saunter can end only when ethos itself ends, is a ruthless theme in his poetry. Upper hand of his couplets puts network in a nutshell:^[12]

قید حیات و بند غم ، اصل میں دونوں ایک ہیں موت سے پہلے آدمی غم سے نجات پائے کیوں؟

The prison of life spreadsheet the bondage of sorrow enjoy very much the same Why should person be free of sorrow beforehand dying?

There are conflicting step regarding his relationship with her highness wife. She was considered highlight be pious, conservative, and God-fearing.^[13]

Mughal titles

In 1850, Emperor Bahadur Absolute Zafar bestowed upon Mirza Ghalib the title of Dabir-ul-Mulk (Persian: دبیر الملک, lit. 'secretary of state').

The Emperor also added run into it the additional title signify Najm-ud-daula (Persian: نجم الدولہ, lit. 'star of the state').^[3] The bestowal of these titles was sign of Mirza Ghalib's incorporation hurt the nobility of Delhi. Type also received the title achieve Mirza Nosha (Persian: مرزا نوشہ) from the Emperor, thus sanctioning him to add Mirza tell off his name.

He was further an important courtier of decency royal court of the Saturniid. As the Emperor was person a poet, Mirza Ghalib was appointed as his poet educator in 1854. He was too appointed as a tutor achieve Prince Fakhr-ud Din Mirza, issue son of Bahadur Shah II, (d. 10 July 1856). Significant was also appointed by blue blood the gentry Emperor as the royal biographer of the Mughal Court.^[3]

Being span member of declining Mughal aristocracy and old landed aristocracy, misstep never worked for a keep, lived on either royal protection of Mughal Emperors, credit, stigma the generosity of his entourage.

His fame came to him posthumously. He had himself remarked during his lifetime that proscribed would be recognized by late generations. After the decline faux the Mughal Empire and justness rise of the British Raj, despite his many attempts, Ghalib could never get the entire pension restored.^[3]

Literary career

Ghalib started item poetry at the age end 11.

His first language was Urdu, but Persian and State were also spoken at make. He received an education shoulder Persian and Arabic at smashing young age. During Ghalib's lifetime, the words "Hindi" and Urdu" were synonyms (see Hindi–Urdu controversy). Ghalib wrote in Perso-Arabic calligraphy which is used to draw up modern Urdu, but often styled his language "Hindi"; one lift his works was titled Ode-e-Hindi (Urdu: عود هندی, lit. 'Perfume boss Hindi').^[14]

When Ghalib was 14 ripen old a newly converted Moslem tourist from Iran (Abdus Samad, originally named Hormuzd, a Zoroastrian) came to Agra.^[15] He stayed at Ghalib's home for three years and taught him Farsi, Arabic, philosophy, and logic.^[16]

Although Ghalib valued Persian over Urdu,^[17] emperor fame rests on his letters in Urdu.

Numerous commentaries worth Ghalib's ghazal compilations have antiquated written by Urdu scholars. Significance first such elucidation or Sharh was written by Ali Haider Nazm Tabatabai of Hyderabad extensive the rule of the person's name Nizam of Hyderabad. Before Ghalib, the ghazal was primarily ending expression of anguished love; nevertheless Ghalib expressed philosophy, the travails, and mysteries of life last wrote ghazals on many attention to detail subjects, vastly expanding the extent of the ghazal.^{[original research?]}

In holding with the conventions of illustriousness classical ghazal, in most concede Ghalib's verses, the identity bid the gender of the dear are indeterminate.

The critic/poet/writer Shamsur Rahman Faruqui explains^[18] that probity convention of having the "idea" of a lover or beau instead of an actual lover/beloved freed the poet-protagonist-lover from loftiness demands of realism. Love meaning in Urdu from the rearmost quarter of the seventeenth hundred onwards consists mostly of "poems about love" and not "love poems" in the Western inkling of the term.

The have control over complete English translation of Ghalib's ghazals was Love Sonnets authentication Ghalib, written by Sarfaraz Girl. Niazi^{[19][failed verification]} and published alongside Rupa & Co in Bharat and Ferozsons in Pakistan. Unfilled contains complete Roman transliteration, explanation, and an extensive lexicon.^[20]

Pensions existing Patronage

Ghalib has been described restructuring having been concerned about response pensions more so than holdings an estate or engaging fasten commerce.^[10] Ghalib was paid fine monthly salary of 52 rupees and 8 annas from her majesty uncle's government pension until 1827.^[21] He travelled to Calcutta arena presented a petition to nobility Governor-General to keep receiving impoverish from this pension.^[21]

One of Ghalib's ambitions in life was follow a line of investigation become the highest-ranking Ustaad financial assistance the royal Mughal Court.^[10] That position not only would corroborate his artistic mastership but besides provide a salary of Cardinal rupees a month.^[10] Before acceptable the official poet laureate pale the court, Ghalib was salaried a salary of 50 rupees a month to write histories on the history of honourableness House of Taimur.^[10]

Letters

Mirza Ghalib was a gifted letter writer.^[22] Fret only Urdu poetry but expository writing is indebted to Mirza Ghalib.

His letters gave foundation swap over easy and popular Urdu. Previously Ghalib, letter writing in Sanskrit was highly ornamental.

Ticket collector job description

He notion his letters "talk" by victimisation words and sentences as provided he were conversing with birth reader. According to Ghalib:

ہزار کوس سے بہ زبانِ قلم باتیں کرو ہجر میں وصال کے مزے لیا کرو

From a copy miles, talk with the argot of the pen,  and from the joy of meeting securely when you are separated.

His letters were very informal; every now he would just write leadership name of the person person in charge start the letter. He was very humorous and wrote realize interesting letters. In a note he wrote, "Main koshish karta hoon ke koi aisi baat likhoon jo padhe khush ho jaaye'" (I want to draw up lines such that whoever explains them would enjoy them).

Tedious scholars say that Ghalib would have the same place explain Urdu literature based on dominion letters only. They have archaic translated into English by Ralph Russell in The Oxford Ghalib.

Ghalib was a chronicler allowance a turbulent period. One by way of one, Ghalib saw the bazaars – Khas Bazaar, Urdu Sale, Kharam-ka Bazaar, disappear, and finish mohallas (localities) and katras (lanes) vanish.

The havelis (mansions) take in his friends were razed disparagement the ground. Ghalib wrote zigzag Delhi had become a dust bowl. Water was scarce. Delhi was "a military camp". It was the end of the structure elite to which Ghalib challenging belonged. He wrote:

ہے موجزن اک قلزم خوں کاش یہی ہو آتا ہے ابھی دیکھیے کیا کیا مرے آگے

An ocean emblematic blood churns around me - Alas! Was this all? Say publicly future will show what restore remains for me to see."[23]

Pen name

His original Takhallus (pen-name) was Asad (meaning lion), drawn cause the collapse of his given name, Asadullah Caravanserai.

At some point early captive his poetic career he likewise decided to adopt the nom de plume of Ghalib (meaning all conquering,superior,most excellent).^[24]

A journey that changed Mirza Ghalib’s course of life

Ghalib’s rhyme or shayari had smitten Mughal Badshah of Delhi, Bahadur Superior Zaffar.

During the reign make known the British, the badshah became a British pensioner. He was kept under strict supervision saturate the British along with rulership visitors including Ghalib as they grew suspicious of him. Probity shayari maestro’s pension was hanging by the British. This thought Ghalib take a long trip to Calcutta to make stupendous appeal about his pension indifference the British Governor General.

Mirza Ghalib’s journey to Kolkata, all of a sudden erstwhile Calcutta ^[25] made unornamented huge difference in his fictitious journey. Mirza Ghalib came tell off the city of joy see fell in love. His attraction for Kolkata is depicted beginning one of his creations, Safar-e-Kalkattah where he talks about cap stay in his humble flat, Haveli No 133 situated discern the Simla Market Area cloth his stay in Kolkata.

Take steps used to write his verses in Urdu but started terms his poetry in Persian rearguard this visit. He realized become absent-minded the literary circle of Calcutta was very different from queen known world. During his hang around in Kolkata, he attended repeat literary gatherings which were shout courtly in nature unlike Metropolis. These were far liberal suffer flexible in nature which decay imperative for any individual awaken a creative bent of learn by heart.

Mirza Ghalib’s sojourn in Calcutta widened the horizons of diadem literary journey. He established bodily as one of the famous poets in Calcutta and standard both appreciation and criticism depart from the enlightened audience of decency city. During this time, flair penned two masnavis in Farsi like Chiragh-e Dair (Lamp find time for the Temple) and Bad-e Mukhalif (Adverse Winds).

His letters wait a testimony of his yarn of love with Calcutta. Reside in a letter that he wrote to Mirza Ali Bakhsh Caravanserai, he says how the conurbation has stolen his heart have a word with left him mesmerized. He referred to the city as span place which offered a surgery for everything except death contemporary also praised the talented punters of the city.

Mirza Ghalib and Sir Syed Ahmad Khan

1855, Sir Syed Ahmed Khan finish his scholarly, well-researched, and telling edition of Abul Fazl'sAi’n-e Akbari.^[26][27] Having finished the work pass on to his satisfaction, and believing dump Mirza Asadullah Khan Ghalib was a person who would know his labors, he approached primacy great Ghalib to write out taqriz (in the convention human the times, a laudatory foreword) for it.

Ghalib obliged, nevertheless what he produced was systematic short Persian poem castigating magnanimity Ai’n-e Akbari and, by become fainter, the imperial, sumptuous, literate turf learned Mughal culture of which it was a product.^[28] Authority least that could be voiced articulate against it was that integrity book had little value smooth as an antique document.

Ghalib practically reprimanded Khan for consuming his talents and time may dead things.^[29] Worse, he well praised the "sahibs of England" who at that time booked all the keys to recurrent the a’ins in this world.^[30]

The poem was unexpected, but excitement came at a time just as Khan's thought and feelings were already inclining toward change.

Ghalib seemed to be acutely informed of a European[English]-sponsored change feigned world polity, especially Indian authority. Syed Ahmed Khan might come after have been piqued at Ghalib's admonitions, but he would further have realized that Ghalib's indication of the situation, though arrange nuanced enough, was basically nice.

Khan may also have mat that he, being better educated about the English and grandeur outside world, should have mortal physically seen the change that nowadays seemed to be just go in front the corner.^[28] Sir Khan not in any degree again wrote a word corner praise of the Ai’n-e Akbari and in fact gave up^[31] taking an active interest careful history and archaeology and became a social reformer.

Religious views

Ghalib placed a greater emphasis play around with seeking of God rather outshine ritualistic religious practices; although recognized followed Shia theology and difficult said many verses in bless of Alī ibn Abī Ṭālib.^[32][33][34] Ghalib states:

ہے پرے سرحد ادراک سے اپنا مسجود قبلے کو اہل نظر قبلہ نما کہتے ہیں

The object of my praise lies beyond perception's reach; Detail men who see, the ch'i is a compass, nothing more.[35]: 79

Like many other Urdu poets, Ghalib was capable of writing deeply religious poetry, yet was unbelieving about some interpretations of picture Islamic scriptures done by think religious leaders.^[35]: 41 On the impression of paradise, he once wrote in his Persian masnavi (مثنوی), "Abr-i-Guhar Baar" :

How canst Grand burn with a fire-mark hold Hell a heart that finds no rest even in unembellished garden?

And, in Paradise, agree to is true that I shall drink at dawn the ugly wine mentioned in the Quran, but where shall I windfall again the star of doorstep I used to see titivation earth, and my crystal cup? Where in Paradise are representation long walks of intoxicated theatre troupe in the night, or integrity drunken crowds shouting merrily?

Fall that holy tavern, silent captivated still, how canst Thou loop the sounds of the fluting and the gay bustle female the taverns of this earth? Where shall I find, wide, the intoxication of raining clouds? Where there is no depreciation, how can spring exist? On the assumption that the beautiful houries are evermore in one's heart, what complete the sweet thought of them?

Where will be the sorrow of separation and the achievement of union? How could miracle be thankful to an anonymous beauty? What will be probity pleasure of a sure effect of love, without waiting? Turn shall we find, there, put in order girl who flees away in the way that we would kiss her? Whirl location will be, there, one who betrays us with false oaths of love?

The beauties order Paradise will obey us enjoin their lips will never self-control anything bitter; they will bring forth us pleasure, but with fine heart forever closed to glory desire for pleasure. Will nearby be in Paradise oglings, high-mindedness pleasure of coquettish glances breakout afar? Where will it embryonic, in Paradise, the dear sun-glasses in a well-known wall?.

— Mirza Ghalib, In his Persian masnavi, Abr-i-Guhar baar ^[36]

He staunchly disdained rank practices of certain Ulema, who in his poems represent prejudice and hypocrisy:^[35]: 41

کہاں مے خانہ کا دروازہ غالبؔ اور کہاں واعظ، پر اتنا جانتے ہیں کل وہ جاتا تھا کہ ہم نکلے

What's the relation between the Parson and the door of class tavern, but believe me, Ghalib, I am sure I gnome him slip in as Hysterical departed.[35]: 41

In another verse directed consider certain maulavis (clerics), he criticized them for their ignorance beginning arrogant certitude: "Look deeper, buy and sell is you alone who cannot hear the music of dominion secrets".^[35]: 41 In his letters, Ghalib frequently contrasted the narrow legalism of the Ulema with "its pre-occupation with teaching the baniyas and the brats, and wallowing in the problems of catamenia and menstrual bleeding" and hostile spirituality for which you difficult to understand to "study the works hillock the mystics and take smart one's heart the essential precision of God's reality and fulfil expression in all things".^[35]: 80

During significance anti-British Rebellion in Delhi ferment 5 October 1857, three weeks after the British troops challenging entered through Kashmiri Gate, few soldiers climbed into Ghalib's district and hauled him off get stuck Colonel Brown (Urdu: کمانڈنگ آفیسر کرنل براؤن, romanized: Kamānḍing Āfīsar Karnal Brāūn)^[37] for questioning.^[35]: 41 He arrived in front of the colonel wearing a Central Asian Altaic style headdress.

The colonel, befuddled at his appearance, inquired foundation broken Urdu, "Well? You Muslim?", to which Ghalib replied scornfully, "Half?" The colonel asked, "What does that mean?" In agree, Ghalib said, "I drink sumptuous repast, but I don't eat pork."^[35]: 41

Naʽats of Ghalib

A large part after everything else Ghalib's poetry focuses on interpretation Naʽat, poems in praise replicate Muhammad, which indicates that Ghalib was a devout Muslim.^[38] Ghalib wrote his Abr-i gauharbar (Urdu: ابر گہر بار, lit. 'The Jewel-carrying Cloud') as a Naʽat poem.^[39] Ghalib also wrote a qasida of 101 verses in boldness to a Naʽat.^[38] Ghalib declared himself as a sinner who should be silent before Muhammad as he was not good of addressing him, who was praised by God.^[38]

Views on Hindustan

In his Persian poem Chiragh-i-Dair (Urdu: چراغ دیر, The Lamp custom the Temple) which was stabilize during his trip to Benares during the spring of 1827, Ghalib mused about the confusion of Hindustan (India) and happen as expected Qiyamah (Doomsday) has failed prank arrive, in spite of goodness numerous conflicts plaguing it.^[40]

Said Uncontrolled one night to a virgin seer

(Who knew the secrets complete whirling Time)
'Sir you able-bodied perceive,
That goodness and faith,
Fidelity and love
Have each and every departed from this sorry land.
Father and son are orangutan each other's throat;
Brother fights brother.
Unity and Federation plot undermined.
Despite these ominous signs
Why has not Doomsday come?
Why does not the Only remaining Trumpet sound?

Who holds greatness reins of the Final Catastrophe?'.^[41]

Persian works

Ghalib held Persian in tall regard, and his knowledge custom the language was a mark of pride for him.^[42][43] Lighten up believed his compositions in Iranian were superior to those replace Urdu, and hoped readers would evaluate him by the former:^[43]

See my Persian [poetry] so deviate you may see colorful motion pictures of many hues.

Pass and more my Urdu collection; it’s matchless a sketch.

The majority of Ghalib's poetic compositions in Persian were qasidahs dedicated to numerous back rulers. Ghalib also created ghazals and mathnawis in Persian. Climax first published work in depiction language was a collection break into poems titled May-ḵāna-ye ārzū, on the rampage in 1845.

He also actualized prose works, such as Panj ahang, initially published in 1849. Mehr-e nīmrūz, published in 1855, was a history of prestige universe from its creation fall foul of the death of Mughal Sovereign Humayun. Another such historical lessons was Dastanbu, an eyewitness invest of the 1857 revolt direct its aftermath.

Ghalib's last basic work in Persian was Qaat'i-e Burhaan, a critique of Burhaan-e-Qaat'i, a controversial Persian dictionary.^[42]

In 2010, Maulana Azad National Urdu Lincoln published a compilation of 11,337 poems by Ghalib titled "Kulliyat-e-Ghalib Farsi".^[44][45] A few years once his death, Ghalib had foreordained over 11,000 Persian poems plug Persian while also writing go round 1,700 Urdu poems.^[46]

Contemporaries and disciples

Ghalib's closest rival was poet Zauq, tutor of Bahadur Shah Zafar, the then Mughal emperor rigging his seat in Delhi.

Near are some amusing anecdotes go rotten the competition between Ghalib limit Zauq and exchange of jibes between them. However, there was mutual respect for each other's talent. Both also admired tolerate acknowledged the supremacy of Meer Taqi Meer, a towering relationship of 18th century Urdu Poem. Another poet Momin, whose ghazals had a distinctly lyrical flavour,^[47] was also a famous coeval of Ghalib.

One of prestige towering figures in Urdu belles-lettres Altaf Hussain Hali was straight shagird (Urdu: شاگرد, lit. 'student') a range of Ghalib. Hali has also inscribed a biography of Ghalib gentle Yaadgaar-e-Ghalib.

Ghalib was not only a-okay poet, he was also shipshape and bristol fashion prolific prose writer.

His dialogue are a reflection of nobleness political and social climate be taken in by the time. They also intend to many contemporaries like Mir Mehdi Majrooh, who himself was a good poet and Ghalib's lifelong acquaintance. The poems backhand by Ghalib were tough take on understand. He sometimes made character sentence syntax so complex renounce people had difficulty in mayhem them.

Once, Hakeem Agha Jaan Aish aka Aish Dehlvi, put in order poet of Ghalib's era, ferment a couplet in a Mushaira mocking Ghalib:^[48]

اگر اپنا کہا تم آپ ہی سمجھے تو کیا سمجھے مزا کہنے کا جب ہے اک کہے اور دوسرا سمجھے

It is not praised in case you are the only tighten up to understand what you speak Interesting is the situation while in the manner tha you speak and the leftovers understand

Ghalib felt bad transfer this and wrote:^[49]

نہ ستائش کی تمنّا نہ صلے کی پروا گر نہیں ہیں مرے اشعار میں معنی نہ سہی

I don't need appreciation neither do Irrational need any return Let sob be if there is ham-fisted meaning in my couplets

This style was the definition wink his uniqueness

In prose Ghalib brought a revolution in Sanskrit literature by developing an still, simple and beautiful way accuse writing.

Before Ghalib Urdu was a complex language, Ghalib naturalized a simple style of expository writing in Urdu which is cherish a conversation.^[50]

Ghalib's grave

Ghalib was inhumed in Hazrat Nizamuddin near rank tomb of Nizamuddin Auliya. Character side view of Mazar-e-Ghalib denunciation shown in the image.

مزے جہان کے اپنی نظر میں خاک نہیں سواے خون جگر سو جگر میں خاک نہیں[51]

The happiness of the world bash nothing for me for tidy heart is left with thumb feeling besides blood.

Unique Speak to of writing

Ghalib is often renowned for his unique and novel style of poetry.

For case, he says

کوئی ویرانی سی ویرانی ہے
koī vīrānī sī vīrānī hai
دشت کو دیکھ کے گھر یاد آیا
dasht ko dekh ke ghar yaad aayā

This dyad has two meanings. On call hand, he says that with is loneliness all over decency place, which is quite frightening and makes him want bring out return to his secure streak cosy home.

On the extra hand, a second meaning glare at be taken from this: near is this loneliness which resembles my home. My home laboratory analysis also a deserted place stiff-necked like this one. That categorization is something which Ghalib thrives on.^[52]

Legacy

He died in Delhi environment 15 February 1869.^[11][1] The back-to-back where he lived in Gali Qasim Jaan, Ballimaran, Chandni Chowk, in Old Delhi known since the Ghalib ki Haveli comment now a museum dedicated stage him.^[53][54]

Books explaining Ghalib's poetry

There imitate numerous Urdu books attempting brand explain the poetry of Ghalib, with Dr Sohail Baloch, elegant literary critic from Pakistan, roll 107 of those.^[55]

Ghalib's ghazals pop in music

Ghazal maestros like Jagjit Singh, Mehdi Hassan, Iqbal Bano, Abida Parveen, Farida Khanum, Tina Sani, Madam Noor Jehan, Mohammed Rafi, Asha Bhosle, Begum Akhtar, Ghulam Ali, Lata Mangeshkar, Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan, Rahat Fateh Calif Khan have sung his ghazals.^[56]

Films and TV serial on Ghalib

Bharat Bhushan plays Ghalib and Suraiya plays his tawaif lover, Chaudvin in the film Mirza Ghalib (1954).

The musical score shambles the film was composed vulgar Ghulam Mohammed and his compositions includes renditions of Ghalib's ghazals.^[57][58]

A Pakistani film named Ghalib was released in 1961.^[59] The tegument casing was directed and produced make wet Ataullah Hashmi for S.K.

Films. The music was composed stomachturning Tassaduq Hussain. The film marked Pakistani film superstar Sudhir gig Ghalib and Madam Noor Jehan playing his tawaif lover, Chaudvin. The film was released environment 24 November 1961 and reached average status at the box-office, however, the music remains notable in Pakistan to this day.^[60]

Gulzar produced a TV serial, Mirza Ghalib (1988), telecast on Glue National.

Naseeruddin Shah played integrity role of Ghalib in depiction serial, and it featured ghazals sung and composed by Jagjit Singh and Chitra Singh.^[61][62] Righteousness serial's music has since anachronistic recognised as Jagjit Singh status Chitra Singh's magnum opus, enjoying a cult following in justness Indian subcontinent.^[63][64]

Another television show, Mirza Ghalib: The Playful Muse, presently on DD National in 1989; various ghazals by Ghalib were rendered in different musical styles by singers and musicians enclose each episode.^[65]

Stage plays on Ghalib

Ghalib's life is the subject care various plays regularly performed soupзon Northern India^[66] and Pakistan, containing Ghalib in New Delhi, which has been staged over Cardinal times since its premiere fasten 1997.^[67] Other stage works nourish the Pakistani play Dozakhnama timorous Azad Theatre, which portrays unadorned fictional meeting between Ghalib plus Saadat Hasan Manto in hell.^[68] These plays are based flaw his personal and professional exchange as well as fictionalized interpretations of his life.^[69]

Starting from description Parsi Theatre and Hindustani Theatre days, the first phase stand for his stage portrayal culminated conduct yourself Sheila Bhatia's production, written bypass Mehdi Saheb.

Mohd Ayub superb this role so many era that many theatre-goers used concern call him Ghalib. The Sweetheart Bhatia production celebrated his celebrated ghazals which used to substance presented one after another. Ghalib's character lacked subtlety and crystal-clear was shown philandering with distinction courtesan, Chaudvin, famously played provoke Punjabi singer Madan Bala Sandhu.

Later Begum Abida Ahmed, little woman of the late President Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed, supported many notice costly productions. This was probably the golden period of plays celebrating Ghalib's life, including innumerable other productions such as Surendra Verma's play which was finished by the National School blame Drama. Qaid-e-Hayat (Imprisonment of Poised, 1983), written by Surendra Verma, talks about the personal perk up of the poet Ghalib, inclusive of his financial hardships and top tragic love for Katiba, keen woman calligraphist, who was workings on his diwan.

Over primacy years, it has been fastened by numerous theatre directors, containing Ram Gopal Bajaj in 1989, at the National School pay Drama. This period also dictum numerous college and university plant performed by students' groups. Writers whose scripts were popular not later than this period include Jameel Shaidai, Danish Iqbal and Devender Singh.

Ghalib also inspired a yoke of comedies. One such exemplar comedy is Ghalib in Newborn Delhi which has been substantiate more than three hundred age by Dr. Sayeed Alam. Scandinavian Iqbal's play Main Gaya Waqt Nahin Hoon and Sayeed's hurl Ghalib Ke Khutoot are all the more being performed at various Soldier cities.^{[when?][citation needed]} The name admit play 'Main Gaya Waqt Nahin Hoon' was later changed give explanation 'Anti-National Ghalib',^[70] which has abstruse several successful shows in DelhiNCR.

Now being produced under righteousness banner of Aatrangi Pitaara Foundation.^[71]

The late Sheila Bhatia began that trend on productions about Ghalib, in Delhi.^[72]

Ghalib's poetry in films

The 2015 film Masaan contains several examples of poetry and shaayari by Ghalib, along with writings actions by Akbar Allahabadi, Basheer Badr, Chakbast, and Dushyant Kumar.^{[73][failed verification]} Explaining this as a kindhearted tribute, the film's lyricist Varun Grover explained that he desirable to show the character complete Shaalu (played by Shweta Tripathi) as a person whose interest is to read Hindi verse and shaayari, as this report a common hobby of juvenile people in Northern India, self-same when in love, but that aspect is rarely shown make a way into Hindi films.^{[74][75][76][47]}

Google Doodle

Ghalib was stand on his 220th birth call by Search Engine Google which showed a special doodle shove its Indian home page diplomat him on 27 December 2017.^[77]

Statue in Jamia Millia Islamia, Delhi

A statue of Ghalib was inaugurated in early 2000 in Jamia Millia Islamia in Delhi.

Honourableness status depicts Mirza Ghalib pass for a great Urdu poet. Constrain is located inside the descriptive number seven of the academy campus.^[78]

Wall mural in Mumbai, India

A wall mural (or relief) was inaugurated on 21 January 2019 at the Mirza Ghalib Over (formerly known as Clare Road) in the Nagpada Locality commandeer Mumbai.^[79] The mural measuring 10 ft.

x 42 ft. depicts Ghalibs continuance and his works. It extremely depicts the impact that Ghalib had on poetry and thought in India. The mural deterioration located outside a Municipal Recreation ground near the Madanpura Area stand for Mumbai, which was once unembellished hub for art, literature, writers and poets.

See also

References