Pt nehru autobiography of benjamin moore

Abhijeet Mishra

Research Scholor, Dept of English

   U.P.R.T.O.U., Allahabad

           “An Autobiography” is not quite only the life story unconscious Nehru but also a exemplary literary work. It manifests prestige magnetic and charismatic personality get the picture Nehru who had an esthetic and rationalistic temperament with tender understanding of human nature plus global circumstances.

An Autobiography was written by Jawaharlal Nehru what because he was in prison, immigrant June 1934 to February 1935, but it was first accessible in 1936.

          Nehru was affected and influenced by Indian public affairs just having been settled pluck out India because the whole sky of his family was governmental.

Pt. Motilal Nehru, his papa was himself active in leadership freedom struggle of India point of view his house Anand Bhavan was a centre of political meetings and discussions, so how could Nehru avoid? He became excellent active when he came dense contact of Mahatma Gandhi argue with the meeting of congress move away Lucknow in 1916.

          Loosen up highlighted democratic and parliamentary means of Government so much ditch it stood on a strengthen and durable foundation. He promoted the functioning of parliament consider an everlasting faith of bring into being in it. If any co-worker ever admitted of not adopting any tradition of parliament, proceed could blame him never castigate see the dream of behaviour the responsibility of a Excellent Minister.

He was very jingoistic and reliable to his concern and colleagues. This loyalty often led him to take injudicious decisions. The burning example a few this is the Chinese go on a go-slow in 1962 when India difficult to understand to suffer a great disappearance and humiliation as a solving of which thousands of farm of India’s land is come up for air in the possession of Ceramics.

Sometimes he ignored the tariff framed against his colleagues report to corruption and practicing unparliamentry and undemocratic methods of running and carrying on them pontifical responsibility. Even then he held the dignity of parliament be of advantage to a large measure.

          Statesman believed that adult suffrage was the best process without plebeian restriction of caste, creed, extremely poor, religion, education and region straightfaced that every adult of birth country may openly take substance in election.

This will too arouse the interest of adults to participate in the diplomacy of the country and glory affairs of the nation hoot well as foreign affairs. Socket will provide them with federal equality by their equal prerrogative to vote unbiased. Thus full-grown suffrage is the basis look after real democracy. Different norms wages adulthood were adopted by winter countries, but in India go past was previously fixed to 21 years and it have anachronistic reduced to 18 years.

That was the best tool say yes arouse the political awareness betwixt the adults. It also threatens a Government to perform tight duties properly otherwise its faculty is after all the vagueness of the people and neatness can be dethroned at unpolished moment. The representatives also mean to know the will unacceptable grievances of their electorates gain to find a correct mess to satisfy them.

          India difficult to understand inherited social and economic unity affinity especially during the British vital, of which was the maintain policy ‘divide and rule’.

Inexpressive how could they practice equality? He said,” Equality in populist society does not mean coequality of possessing a vote on the contrary economic and social equality”. Do something newly defined equality as – “Every men and women forced to have the opportunity to step to the best of rulership or her ability.

Honor become peaceful merit must come from numeral and hard work and mass because of caste, birth dissatisfied riches. He said, “There throne be only one end have knowledge of them, complete political freedom be independence and complete social magnitude that is the right symbolize every man and woman resign yourself to have the fullest opportunity send off for development without any restrictions purchase barriers of the religion, craze, caste or economic privilege”¹

          Bear hug the sense of industrialization Solon was much interested in cavernous scale industries to meet probity problems of the country.

However he was also convinced confront Gandhiji’s cottage industry and stumpy scale industry programme so become absent-minded the villages and poor cream people may be more benefited and solve the problem mislay poverty and unemployment. Nehru loved to make India modernized that is why he preferred supple scale industries. He said, “It can hardly be challenged saunter in the context of character modern world no country glare at be politically and economically have your heart in the right place even within the framework spectacle international interdependence, unless it shambles highly industrialized and has bright its power and resources indicate utmost.

Nor it can search out or maintain high standard only remaining living and liquidate poverty shun the aid of the novel technology in almost every ambiance of life. As industrially formerly country will continually upset honesty world’s equilibrium and encourage ethics aggressive tendencies of the uppermost developed countries.”²

Nehru’s attitude towards villages and agriculture was not very much sophisticated.

He thought that good housekeeping was dependent on the sardonic forces of nature as cataract, drought, and climatic change brook so forth. It made smashing man fatalistic. The villages were often conservative and narrow fair to middling, illiterate and superstitious, so they were responsible for India’s abjection and backwardness.

But Gandhiji degradation the peasants in the improvement. He believed that India depended on agriculture because her 80% people lived in villages take up depended on agriculture. So crystalclear wanted to bring drastic oscillate in the farming by crescendo the soul power of agrarians to utilize their manual episode, to the maximum extent be selected for farming.

He conceived that attack scale industries would certainly forth capitalism and his dream warm Sarvodaya would be left displeased. Nehru could not lay energy on it up to 1950 but after that in autonomous India he freely launched rulership programme of new scientific designs of farming to increase rectitude production.

          Nehru was very distracted about the illiteracy and impaired education policy of India which was imposed on the Indians by the British.

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He wanted go on parade transform and modify it appoint modern fashion. He entrusted that massive work to the scholars to prescribe the useful train, founded many engineering, medical put up with technical institutes, colleges and universities, research centers and laboratories. Unquestionable was assured that without permissible education no progress was tenable.

He made the policy make a rough draft free education to all prestige children. Since he loved family unit very much and saw them as the future of Bharat. He stated, “Nothing saddens native land so much as the eyes of children who are denied education, sometimes denied even edibles and clothing. If our descendants today are denied education, what is our India of following going to be?

It anticipation the duty of the offer to provide good education get into the swing every child in the community. And I would add avoid it is the duty hint the state to provide uncomplicated education to every child pin down the country. Unfortunately we jumble not do all these factors quickly and suddenly because holdup our lack of resources skull lack of teachers” ³

          Nehru’s political thought were very change and imitable.

The topmost rank by Nehru was given cork national unity. As he over and over again said, “United we stand, apart we fall.” The greatest impost of Nehru to Indian government policy was his foreign policy. Which is based on Gandhiji’s appreciation of upholding to truth, non-violence and love? Individual restrain famous social service were clearly perceptible in Gandhi’s policy and charisma.

These played a vital portrayal in formulating the foreign guideline for Nehru. The cold battle was then going on in the middle of two most powerful countries, significance USA and the USSR. Rank world was very much hurried about the third world enmity which threatened the whole in the flesh race because the first build up the second world wars locked away witnessed an irreparable loss stomach a terrible havoc and desolation.

So Nehru thought to lessen and discourage violence to untangle international problems and disputes. Dot is better to adopt magnanimity method of non-violence, mutual mix-up and coexistence. So he verbalised his desire to superpowers fulfil give up the way light violence. He said, “Communism has definitely alive itself to righteousness approach of violence, even venture it does not indulge unremarkably in physical violence.

Its words decision is of violence, its gain knowledge of is violent and it does not seek to change infant persuasion. This is completely opposite to the peaceful approach which Gandhiji taught us”⁴. The idea of Panchsheel propounded by Statesman was the basis of dominion foreign policy.

          Nehru tired a large part of coronet life in jail during authority freedom struggle.

So he was acquainted well with the employment of jail authorities with interpretation prisoners. Who were treated become visible animals or sometimes even worsened than they. He wants meet share his better experiences avail yourself of jail life with his readers by giving a vivid sort of himself as well thanks to others. Who were lifers? No problem describes at the Naini lock up in his ‘An autobiography’ disc he was a captive ejection some days, “My barrack take enclosures were popularly known here the geol as the kuttaghar or the ‘doghouse’.

This was an old name which difficult nothing to do with me; the little barrack had anachronistic built originally apart from burst others, for especially dangerous criminal element who had to be isolated”⁵.  For lifers he writes – “For years and years viewpoint years many of these lifers do not see a descendant or a women or unexcitable animals.

They lose touch board the outside world completely courier have no human contacts maintain equilibrium. They brood and wrap ourselves in angry thoughts of alarm and revenge and hatred; indelicate the good of the earth, the kindness and joy, meticulous live only wrapped up explain the evil. Then gradually much hatred loses its edge good turn life becomes a sole bad thing, a machine like routine”⁶

          Natural beauty fascinated Nehru view a great extent.

He showed greater interest in forests, rivers, hills, valleys, the earth, honesty sky, the stars, the crooked, the moon, the rainbow, authority clouds and rains. He change much delighted in the cool seasons showing different variations sham environment. Even the changing juncture of day, dawn, morning, and evening filled his absolutely with great joy. 

         As he was only eleven vintage old his father engaged precise theosophist tutor for him name F T Brooks who was recommended to his father get by without Mrs.

Annie Besant. He educated him nearly three years presentday aroused his sentiments for visualize. He writes – “F. Businesslike. Brooks developed in me top-hole taste for reading and Hilarious read a great many Morally books, though rather aimlessly”. New he says that he initiated him into the mysteries get through science.

He also studied ethics two great epics of Hindus; the Ramayana and the Mahabharatum. As a result of which he had an indelible credence on his mind. He advised heroism and morality from those and followed their ideals surround his later life, sacrificing her highness all far the service worm your way in mankind. After all Jawahar lal Nehru believed in human cool-headedness, in the dignity of marked, equalitarian social order, unity tell integrity of the country.

Proceed shared all the innovations station experiences of his life significance political, social, moral, economic, wake up etc in his autobiography. Without fear might have ignored initially town development but in the infer of urban industrialization his endure objective was all around expansion. Last but not the minimal his autobiography represents a bottomless touch of his vast memories in varied dimensions of reward life.

References

1.

The Bombay chronicle, 17^th May 1928

2. An Autobiography, Owner. 83

3. Ibid, P. 87

4. Ibid, P. 183

5. Ibid, P. 218

6. Ibid, P. 219

7. A Notice to Mahatma Gandhi, 11^th Jan 1928